Send SMS and MMS Messages with a Particle Electron

Time to read: 5 minutes

June 27, 2017
Written by
Paul Kamp
Twilion
Reviewed by
David Prothero
Twilion
Kat King
Twilion
Stephanie Marchante
Twilion

Send SMS and MMS with a Particle Electron

The Particle Electron is an amazing Internet of Things building block.  By pairing an ARM Cortex M3 microprocessor with a cellular modem from U-Blox, you can quickly build a product with true global connectivity.

In this post, we'll give you the raw materials you need to have your Particle Electron sending SMSes and MMSes with Twilio in no-time flat.  (Okay, maybe closer to 30 minutes.)  

Let's hit it!

Note: This code works over a data connection, so you'll be able to use the Particle SIM card or a compatible third-party SIM with data connectivity.  It does not require a SIM with text capabilities.

Sign Into - or Sign Up For - a Twilio Account

Create a new Twilio account (click to sign up for a free Twilio trial) or sign into your Twilio account.

Find or Purchase an SMS (and MMS) Capable Number

For this to work, you need to use an SMS (or SMS and MMS) enabled number.

  • Enter the Twilio Console
  • Select the hash tag/Phone Numbers ('#') section on the left side
  • Navigate to your currently active numbers

Under 'Capabilities,' you will see the phone number capabilities.  For this article, you'll need numbers with SMS, or both SMS and MMS enabled. 

Active SMS Capable

 

If you don't currently have a number with SMS or MMS capabilities, you can easily purchase one.  After navigating to the 'Buy a Number' link, click the SMS and/or MMS checkbox:

Buy a Number.png

 

Save the number that you use in a tab, so it is easy to copy & paste in further steps.

Retrieve Your Twilio Account SID and API Secret

In order to call the Twilio API, you will need to authenticate with us.  For that, you need a Twilio Account SID and a Twilio Auth Token.

You can find these both in the Twilio Console:

Account Credentials

 

As before, keep these handy in a tab.  We will copy and paste them into webhook fields to send SMSes with Particle.

Prepare Your Particle Electron for Flashing

To flash your Particle Electron over the air, you'll first need to ensure it's connected to the network.  

Make sure your SIM is properly inserted and the PCB antenna is connected.  Then, plug in the provided Lithium Ion battery.  Optionally, connect the USB cable as well.

The Electron is ready to go when the onboard LED pulses cyan:

Particle Electron Pulsing Connected

Particle also has some excellent instructions on how to flash your Electron using USB (not over cellular).  We'll be using over-the-air flashing for this guide, but for an extended development cycle, you should get Flash-Over-USB working.

Example 1: A Simple Example of Sending SMSes with a Particle Electron

Particle, like Twilio, uses Webhooks to trigger actions upon an event occurring.  Particle Webhooks are a very powerful and easy way to connect your Particle devices with external services.

For our integration today, we're going to be using the Particle Web IDE.  Log into your account and make sure you are in the Web IDE.

Copy Our Shared Particle App

There are two ways for you to clone our application.  You can grab it from our Github repository, or you can copy it directly from this build on the Particle IDE.  Either way, be sure to create a new application or click the 'Copy This App' button.

Editor: we migrated this post to the Twilio Blog, and pasted the files you'll need in full. You'll need the barebones SMS example and the example which adds MMS:

  • twilio-barebones-sms.ino
  • twilio-sms-mms.ino

 

/* 
Basic example of sending a SMS with Twilio and a Particle Electron.
Author: Paul Kamp, Twilio Developer Education
License: MIT
*/

String body = "Hey, this is your Particle Electron!";

void setup() {
  Particle.publish("twilio_sms", body, PRIVATE);
  Serial.begin(115200);
}

void loop() {
    Serial.println("That's all!  You can restart or edit the code now.");
    delay(60000);
}

As you can see, we've boiled down this example to be as basic as possible to make it easy to follow.  The key is in this line:

Particle.publish("twilio_sms", body, PRIVATE);

We're going to use a Particle function to publish the body to the cloud.  In the cloud, we'll set up a Particle Webhook which will then pass along the body to Twilio.

Hit the 'Flash' (Lightning) icon and flash the code to your Electron.  You should see some happy LED movement, but you won't get any text messages yet - we'll plug it all together in the next few steps.

Set Up a Basic Webhook

Particle makes it very easy to set up a Webhook directly from their website.  Be sure you have your Twilio credentials and an SMS-capable phone number handy.

  • Surf to the the Particle Webhook Integration screen in the Particle console
  • Click the '+' 'Plus' button icon to create a new integration.
  • Select 'Webhook'
  • Event Name: twilio_sms
  • URL: https://api.twilio.com/2010-04-01/Accounts/[[ENTER_YOUR_ACCOUND_SID]]/Messages
  • Request Type: POST
  • Device: Any (Optionally, if you have more than one device you can limit the scope)

Basic Particle Webhook Options

We're not quite done yet; we need to enter some more options in the Advanced Settings.  Let's do that now.

Change the Advanced Particle Webhook Options

  • Send Custom Data: Form
  • Under Data, set the following three:
    To  -  [[YOUR CELL PHONE NUMBER/NUMBER THAT CAN RECEIVE SMSES]]
    From  -  [[YOUR TWILIO NUMBER FROM ABOVE]]
    Body  -  {{PARTICLE_EVENT_VALUE}}
  • In HTTP BASIC AUTH:
    Username  - [[Your Account SID]]
    Password  -  [[Your API Secret Key]]

Particle Webhook Advanced Options for SMS

And... that's it!  Feel free to save it and test it now (you should get a text!), or roll through to the next step.

Power Cycle or Reflash Your Electron

Either power cycle the Electron or Flash it with the above code.

Look for a nice, friendly message from your Electron!

Example 2: An Advanced Example Adding MMS Support to a Particle Electron

The first example will limit you to just changing the body of the text message to send an SMS.  

Particle also allows you to pass multiple variables along to their webhooks with properly formed JSON.  We're going to use that capability to send MMSes from the Electron.

Copy Our Shared Advanced Particle App

Either use the copy in the Github repo or copy our app to your Particle Web IDE.

/* 
More complex example of sending a MMS with Twilio and a Particle Electron.
We can publish to two event names:
- twilio_sms, which works like the basic example
- twilio_mms, which adds picture_url support
Author: Paul Kamp, Twilio Developer Education
License: MIT
*/

String body = "Hey, check out this owl!";
String img  = "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/GreatHornedOwl-Wiki.jpg/800px-GreatHornedOwl-Wiki.jpg";

void sendMessage(const String& body, const String& image)
{
    
    /* 
     * Function to send either a MMS or a SMS depending on the content of 'image'
     *
     * Note that your application will have to mind character encodings and limits.
     * The '"' character, in particular, will need to be escaped.
    */
    if ( image.length() > 0 ) {
        String json = \
            String(
                "{\"body\": \"" + String(body) +
                "\", \"image\": \"" + String(image) +"\"}"
            );
        Particle.publish("twilio_mms", json, PRIVATE);
    } else {
        Particle.publish("twilio_sms", body, PRIVATE);
    }
    
}

void setup() 
{
    sendMessage(body, img);
    Serial.begin(115200);
}

void loop() 
{
    Serial.println("That's all!  You can restart or edit the code now.");
    delay(60000);
}

Again, we've left the example rather bare bones.  

In your production application, you'll want to check for validity of the inputs (and note text message size limits on Twilio) and check the encoding of the message body.  You'll also need to consider special characters, such as quotes.

Set Up a New Webhook

Do the exact same exercise as the Webhook in the "Basic" example above, except name your Webhook twilio_mms.

The only other thing to change is in 'Send Custom Data' for 'Form':

  • To  -  [[YOUR CELL PHONE NUMBER/NUMBER THAT CAN RECEIVE MMSES]]
  • From  -  [[YOUR TWILIO NUMBER FROM ABOVE]]
  • Body  -  {{body}}
  • MediaUrl  -  {{image}}

Sending MMSes with a Particle Webhook

As you can see, we now have 2 custom variables, body and image.  We manually craft JSON in the C++ onboard the Electron, and eventually, it will be passed along to Twilio.

Restart or (Re)Flash the Electron

After a power cycle, reset, or flash, you should see an owl pop up on your phone!

Can you draw it?

A Voice From Somewhere in the Cloud

You've now got a Particle Electron that can send picture or text messages as you need (or want).  Monitor a sensor, build a weather station, track a vehicle - the possibilities are truly endless.

With your Electron and Twilio's Messaging APIs, you're going to do big things... even though you might be starting with small devices!  However your IoT vision ends up looking, keep us apprised - we'd love to hear from you on Twitter!

We can't wait to see what you build.

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